AVI: Video for Windows

AVI is the standard Windows video format.

The registered version of ThumbsPlus supports playing, viewing, and thumbnailing (any frame) of Video for Windows files.

On Windows 3.1, Video for Windows version 1.1d or later must be installed to play AVI files.

BMP, DIB, RLE: Windows Bitmaps

This is the standard bitmap format supported by Microsoft Windows. ThumbsPlus supports all color depths (1, 4, 8, 16, 24 or 32 bit), and the compressed (RLE) formats for 4-bit (RLE4) and 8-bit (RLE8) bitmaps.

BMP files compressed with video codecs or JPEG are not yet supported.

The standard VGA driver does not properly decompress 8-bit compressed BMP files; for best color viewing (and nicest thumbnails), you should load a 256-color or higher Windows video driver, which should eliminate this problem.

On Windows 3.1, some proprietary 8-bit drivers do not properly decompress 4-bit compressed files, though the situation is always improving, and this problem is becoming much less common.

ThumbsPlus currently writes only uncompressed BMP files.

CAM: Casio Camera files

The CASIO QV series cameras generate CAM files. They are almost standard JPEG files; however, ThumbsPlus must adjust their aspect ratio (using rotate/resize) when loading.

CDR, PAT, BMF, CMX: CorelDRAW and CorelGALLERY

ThumbsPlus can create thumbnails for CDR, PAT and BMF files; however, it can only extract the preview bitmap from them. There is no internal support for the proprietary Corel format.

If you have Corel, you can set up CDR and PAT files for external OLE support (using the File Type Configuration dialog box), which will allow you to create much nicer thumbnails for them. However, the price is high: Corel is a very slow OLE server, so it takes much longer to create the thumbnails.

Corel files may also be viewed, printed, or copied to the clipboard as metafiles using the OLE support.

CorelGALLERY files (.BMF) can be viewed and thumbnailed via OLE also, as long as the Corel Gallery program itself is installed. As with the CDR files, OLE is considerably slower than the internal bitmap support.

CEL: AutoDesk Animator Cel Files

ThumbsPlus supports both the earlier and newer versions of .CEL files. The later version is a single-frame .FLC file.

CGM: Computer Graphics Metafile

CGM files are vector graphic files useful as clipart. They scale well, and have the distinction of being the only ANSI standard graphic format. There are many flavors of CGM files; ThumbsPlus supports the most popular for PCs (binary encoding), with the following limitations:

• Embedded cell arrays (bitmaps) are not supported.
• New (version 3) extensions, such as BŽzier curves, are not supported.
• Font support is incomplete (but much improved in 3.0e)
• Rotated (non-orthogonal) ellipses and elliptical arcs are not correctly rendered.
• Hatches are rendered with the closest hatching format available from Windows.

CUR, ANI: Windows Cursor files

ThumbsPlus can create thumbnails for CUR and ANI files, though no viewing support is currently available. These files are supported only on Windows 95 and Windows NT 4.0.

DCS: Kodak Profession DCS Camera Files

Kodak Professional Digital Cameras (DCS-420, DCS-460) use the DCS format. For unknown reasons, Kodak decided to make these files TIFF files; but standard TIFF readers cannot access the actual image information -- only the thumbnail is available.

The registered version of ThumbsPlus will properly recognize and decode DCS images; however, their extension must remain .TIF, as the Kodak library won't handle them otherwise.

DCS-460 cameras have a calibration file (.CAL). ThumbsPlus will assume this file is located in the same directory with THUMBS.EXE. You can specify the actual location in the THUMBS.INI file, as follows:

[DCS]

WorkingDirectory=directory where .CAL file resides

If this file is not available for a DCS-460 image, the error "PDC Library reports error #2" will result.

DCX: Multi-image PCX files

The DCX format is a multi-page format for PCX files, generally generated by fax software. In particular, Intel’s fax software produces DCX files.

Using the paging selections on the Edit menu selections, ThumbsPlus can view any of the images in a DCX file, and can split the pages into separate files.

DXF: AutoCADTM Exchange Format

The DXF format is defined by AutoDesk, and is the format used for exchanging AutoCAD and other CAD system files. As opposed to the DWG format, which is proprietary and constantly changing, the DXF format is published and relatively stable.

EPS: Encapsulated Postscript

EPS files are Postscript language files, created for Postscript printers. ThumbsPlus can access only the preview image (which can be in either TIFF or Windows Metafile format).

Copying this format to the clipboard or otherwise saving or converting it only accesses this preview; the Postscript contents themselves are not accessed by ThumbsPlus.

FIF: Fractal Image files (Iterated Systems, Inc.)

FIF files are compressed using fractal compression, as patented and implemented by Iterated Systems Inc. ThumbsPlus can decode (read) these files; future support is planned (possibly as an additional cost add-on) for encoding them.

GEM: GEM Metafile

GEM Metafiles are vector graphic files which include drawing commands for rendering pictures. They are similar to, but less complete than, CGM files. GEM files originated on the Amiga, and have gone through several enhancement periods.

ThumbsPlus does not claim to support all GEM files at this time; fonts are not handled very well, and curve support is incomplete. However, the support is sufficient for most clip-art, the most common type of file stored in GEM format.

GIF: CompuServe GIF

CompuServe, an on-line service, developed the GIF format to provide good file compression and relatively fast decompression speed. GIF is a very popular format for online services, but is limited to a maximum of 256 colors.

Two standards have been developed: 87a and 89a. ThumbsPlus fully supports the 87a standard, and supports (for viewing) much of the 89a standard, including multiple images (GIF animations), text blocks and input extensions. Multiple images and other extensions are not supported on Windows 3.1, however.

ThumbsPlus can read and write interlaced and transparent GIF files. Transparency (for a specific color) is maintained when the image is saved. Note that if you modify the colors of the image, you’ll most likely need to select a new transparency color. The topic GIF Save Options contains more information on saving GIF files.

ThumbsPlus cannot create or modify multiple-image GIF files, or GIF files with text or input extensions; only single-image GIF files can be written.

The LZW compression in GIF files is licensed under a patent from Unisys Corporation.

ICO: Windows Icons

ThumbsPlus supports Microsoft Windows icon files, which are associated with applications for display in Program Manager or alternate shell programs.

256-color icons are handled, but not well tested because of a general lack of availability of 256-color icons.

IFF, LBM: Amiga and Deluxe Paint

The IFF format is an Amiga image storage format. LBM was created for the Deluxe Paint package, and is essentially the same as IFF. ThumbsPlus supports all known IFF and LBM images, including HAM6, HAM8 and masked images.

ThumbsPlus does not automatically correct the aspect ratio for files with non-square pixels.

IMG: GEM Images

The IMG format was originally designed for the Atari computers, then migrated to PCs for several GEM-based products, including Ventura Publisher. IMG files may also be embedded in .GEM metafiles.

ThumbsPlus supports reading of all known IMG types, but does not currently correct the aspect ratio for files with non-square pixels.

JPG, JIF, JFI: JPEG (JFIF) Files
J6I: Ricoh camera (JPEG with header)
PMP: Sony camera (JPEG with header)

The JPEG format was developed to provide a high degree of compression for images. It is a "lossy" compression method, meaning that some color information from the original is lost. When saving JPEG files, ThumbsPlus allows you to specify the intended quality of the image.

JPEG is generally appropriate for photographed or scanned images, and works best for 24-bit sources. JPEG is generally inappropriate for any type of line-drawn art.

The JFIF specification describes a standard way to incorporate JPEG images in disk files; only JFIF images are supported by ThumbsPlus. Some software (notably GIF2JPG, by Handmade Software), writes non-JFIF files which ThumbsPlus cannot handle.

ThumbsPlus incorporates the Independent JPEG Group's source code (release 6). This includes support for reading and writing progressive JPEG files.

Lossless JPEG is not currently supported. For lossless storage of 24-bit images, use TIFF, Targa, PNG, BMP, or PCX.

ThumbsPlus allows several loading options for JPEG files. When using a 256-color display, the JPEG file may be reduced to 256 colors during loading. This is not recommended if the image is going to be edited; too much color information is lost with dithering. See JPEG Load Options.

IPTC/NAA information, stored by Adobe Photoshop and other software, can be extracted from JPEG files and displayed in Picture | Properties | Info. ThumbsPlus retains the information if the file is written or converted to TIFF format.

For more information on saving in the JFIF format, see JPEG Save Options.

KDC: Kodak DC40, DC50 Native Camera Images

KDC files contain the native image format for DC-40 and DC-50 Kodak cameras. ThumbsPlus uses libraries provided by Kodak to read these files. ThumbsPlus does not current interface with digital cameras directly (except via TWAIN, where available), though we are considering the possibility in the future.

KIZ: Kodak Postcard files

Kodak postcards (KIZ) files are uuencoded HTML text and JPEG images. ThumbsPlus loads only the JPEG image contained in the file; the HTML and other information is ignored.

KQP: Konica Camera files

Konica camera files (.KQP) are mangled JPEG files. We have very few samples, but ThumbsPlus handles all that we have.

MAC: Macintosh Paint files

MAC files are the original black & white raster graphics that the MacPaint program stored. They are always 720x576 bi-level images.

MIC: Microsoft Image Composer files

Microsoft Image Composer files are generated by the Image Composer program. Microsoft will not release specifications for this format, so we had to figure it out ourselves.

ThumbsPlus can read all MIC files that I've encountered; however, I have no way of knowing if my knowledge of their format is complete.

Notes:

• All IC sprites are flattened into a single image (alpha channels are processed during the flattening).
• Sprite gamma values (which cause numerous color-matching problems in IC itself) are ignored.
• For quick identification purposes, the file extension of MIC files must be .MIC.
• For best viewing and thumbnailing, set your monitor gamma (Options | Preferences | Monitor), and set the default MIC gamma to 1.0 (View | Assumed Gamma)

MID: Windows MIDI Music files

ThumbsPlus can play .MID files if you double-click them. The playing will cease when the MIDI file completes or you press the ESC key.

The thumbnail generated for .MID files is simply the icon of the application associated with them in File Manager or Explorer.

MND, MNI: Mandelbrot for Windows images

Mandelbrot for Windows is another Cerious Software product, which generates Mandelbrot set fractals. The files generated by this program may be thumbnailed and viewed in ThumbsPlus.

MNI files contain information about generating the image only, but may contain a preview bitmap. ThumbsPlus can extract this preview.

MOV: QuickTime for Windows

MOV is the standard Macintosh video format.

The registered version of ThumbsPlus supports playing, viewing and manual thumbnailing (from any frame) of QuickTime files. ThumbsPlus cannot make thumbnails automatically (first-frame) of MOV files unless they include a JPEG preview (which is becoming more common).

Apple QuickTime for Windows must be loaded on the system to play MOV files. MOV files must be flattened to play on Windows. This means that the Macintosh resource and data file forks must be combined into a single file.

To play and thumbnail MOV files on Windows 95, you must load the 16-bit version of QuickTime (Windows 95 only supports 16-bit MCI drivers). If you wish to use the 32-bit QuickTime movie player, you can also load 32-bit QuickTime.

MPG: MPEG compressed video

MPEG video files are compressed video files supported by many newer video cards and display drivers. ThumbsPlus requires an MCI-compliant MPEG driver to support these files; several are available on CompuServe, AOL or the Internet (i.e., SoftPEG). The best one we’ve seen is Xing Technologies’ MPEG decoder.

As of this writing, these MPEG decoders do not provide MCI drivers: VMPEG, MpegPlay.

PCD: Kodak PhotoCD Images

Kodak PhotoCD files are a proprietary format developed by Kodak for photographic image storage. They are generally located on CD-ROM only, due to their extremely large size. They may be loaded at various resolutions.

ThumbsPlus can load at any of the following resolutions:

• Base/64 (96x64)
• Base/16 (192x128)
• Base/4 (384x256)
• Base (768x512)
• Base*4 (1536x1024)
• Base*16 (3072x2048)
• Base*64 (6144x4096)

There are some shortcut keys for selecting the display resolution on the fly: hold the following keys while double-clicking to cause the picture to load at specific resolutions:

CTRL: Base * 4 (1536 x 1024)
ALT: Base / 4 (384 x 256)
CTRL+ALT: Base (768 x 512)

ThumbsPlus can load as either Truecolor, 8-bit palette or as grayscale images. Use the Photo CD Loading options dialog box to select the desired size and color depth for loading PhotoCD files.

Encrypted and watermarked images are supported – ThumbsPlus will request the password when such an image is requested at an encrypted or watermarked size.

PCT, PICT: Macintosh PICT format

The PICT format is the Macintosh’s native drawing format (similar to WMF on Windows). ThumbsPlus supports version 1, version 2 and version 2 extended formats. Vector (drawing) commands are handled as well as images. When ThumbsPlus recognizes that a PICT file has only raster information, the file is loaded as a bitmap; otherwise, it is loaded as a metafile.

There are some commands in PICT files that are not handled, or not supported completely. We will continue to improve support for PICT over the next few releases.

PCX, PCC: ZSoft Picture

PCX and PCC files are a fairly early PC graphic format, which has been extended over the years to support more and varied color depths.

The only known PCX format not supported by ThumbsPlus is 2-plane CGM files (4 color). These files may be supported in the future if there is sufficient interest.t

ThumbsPlus does support 24-bit (3-planes x 8-bits per pixel) PCX files.

PCX files may or may not be compressed; ThumbsPlus always writes version 5, compressed PCX files, in the color depth of the current image.

PFB, PSS: Adobe Type 1 Font

PFB files are Adobe Type 1 Font files. ThumbsPlus handles them similarly to TrueType fonts (TTF), and the same settings apply.

Notes:

PFB files are supported only on Windows 95. We do plan to support then on Windows NT when Adobe releases libraries for NT.

Version 3.02 or later of Adobe Type Manager is required.

PNG: PiNG format

PNG files are based a new graphics specification that provides for excellent lossless compression without any patented technology. Unlike GIF, which requires royalties to Unisys Corp., PNG is royalty free.

Only read support is currently provided for the PNG format, though write support will be added in a subsequent version.

PSD: Adobe Photoshop

PSD files are the native format used by Adobe Photoshop. There are various "flavors" of PSD files; ThumbsPlus can read most of them (as of Photoshop 2.5), with the following known limitations:

• Only the first channel of multi-channel PSD files is loaded (as grayscale).
• Duotone files are loaded as grayscale.

Version 3 Photoshop files are viewed and thumbnailed as they were last viewed in Photoshop. Version 2.5 compatibility mode must be set in Photoshop when saving the files (File | Preferences | General | More). Setting compatibility mode does not eliminate the availability of any version 3 features, but makes the files somewhat larger (to accommodate the extra image information).

We may provide full Photoshop support at some point in the future (layers, channels, etc.).

RAS: Sun Raster

Sun Raster files are a popular image format for SUN UNIX systems. They can contain either color-mapped (256-color) or truecolor images.

Many packages write the colors reversed (Red for Blue, Blue for Red), without setting the appropriate flag in the header. You can use Image | Swap Red and Blue from to correct such files.

RAW: Raw Grayscale or RGB
ST4: Santa Barbara Instruments Group
CT scan, Mammography, MRI and Nanoscope

ThumbsPlus can handle a wide variety of raw grayscale or RGB files, including:

• 8-bit grayscale
• 16-bit grayscale (Intel or Motorola byte order)
• 24-bit RGB (RGB or BGR order)
• 32-bit RGBA (RGBA, ARGB, BGRA or ABGR order)

Several types are internally defined and automatically recognized (they need not be defined in the Raw Types); however, you may need to add the appropriate file extensions in Options | Preferences | File Types:

ThumbsPlus can skip areas at the beginning or end of the file, and can replicate image scan lines (some medical imaging programs store only every other scan line). You use the Raw Loading Options dialog (Options | File Loading • Raw) to configure raw file types.

Note: In order for ThumbsPlus to recognize a file as a defined raw type, two criteria must be met:

1. The image information must be defined so that the file size matches the "expected file size" as described above.
2. The file extension must be defined (using Options | Preferences • File Types) as "equivalent to" the .RAW type.

RGB, SGI: Silicon Graphics Image files

These files are generated by Silicon Graphics workstations. ThumbsPlus handles uncompressed, compressed, color and grayscale SGI files.

SFW: Seattle Filmworks Mangled JPEG files

Instead of either (1) using an existing, non-proprietary format, or (2) creating their own proprietary image format, Seattle FilmWorks chose to take an existing, non-proprietary format and mangle it to confuse most software. I suspect that this decision was made either by SFW management, or by a 14-year-old software developer.

Unfortunately, their PhotoWorks software is not useful enough to many of their users, who have begged for SFW file support in ThumbsPlus. With some leads provided by Ed Hamrick (of VuePrint fame) and some additional tinkering and hacking, I was able to add support for the files.

STX, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8: Santa Barbara Instruments Group

Santa Barbara Instruments Group manufactures and sells digital CCD cameras for astronomy. The camera software produces these formats. ThumbsPlus can load both grayscale and color image; for 16-bit grayscale, ThumbsPlus uses the range of pixels as last viewed or processed by SBIG software.

Note: The older .ST4 format files may be defined as 192 x 165 8-bit grayscale raw files, with a 192 byte skip at the end of the file.

TGA, WIN: Targa TruevisionTM

ThumbsPlus supports 8-bit, 16-bit and 24-bit Targa files. The more recent Targa extensions (including the "Developer Area") are not yet supported, but planned for a subsequent release.

The alpha channel information not currently retained or processed.

ThumbsPlus saves TGA files at the appropriate color depth for the graphic; 4-bit (16-color) files are promoted to 8-bit Targa files.

TTF, TTR: TrueType fonts

ThumbsPlus can thumbnail, install, and remove TrueType fonts.

The default format of the thumbnail is to show the font name in the font itself. The text in the thumbnail may be changed using the TrueType Loading Options dialog box.

When installing and removing fonts, ThumbsPlus updates the WIN.INI file to reflect the added or deleted fonts.

Under Windows 3.1, ThumbsPlus never deletes TTF files from the disk (unless, of course, you use File | Delete.

Under Windows 95 and NT, ThumbsPlus removes the TTF file from the Windows\Fonts system directory to remove them (and updates the registry). If you are browsing the Windows\Fonts folder directly, you may not want to remove fonts unless you know you have a copy elsewhere.

TIF: Tagged Image File Format

Several companies developed the Tagged Image Format, including Aldus and Silicon Graphics, to be the be-all and end-all of image file formats. Because of its scope and extensibility, it is an extremely complex format that no single product can support completely.

The known TIFF formats not currently handled by ThumbsPlus are:

• Images in YCbCr (YUV) or proprietary color formats.
• Alpha channels (extra samples) are discarded when reading.

The following compression methods and special-interest formats are supported:

• Multi-image TIFFs (Using the paging selections on the Edit menu selections, ThumbsPlus can view any of the images in a multi-image TIFF file, and can split the pages into separate files.)
• Tiled TIFFs
• CCITT RLE, Group 3, and Group 4 Fax compression
• Packbits, Thunderscan and Next compression
• LZW compression
• Motorola (MM) format
• JPEG compression (post TIFF 6.0 format)
• ZIP "deflate" mode compression (experimental)
• CMYK TIFFs
• CIE L*a*b colorspace TIFF files
• 16-bit grayscale and 48-bit color TIFF files

ThumbsPlus writes uncompressed TIFFs, or compressed via CCITT Group 3 or 4 FAX, Packbits, JPEG, ZIP, or LZW.

IPTC/NAA information, stored by Adobe Photoshop and other software, can be extracted from TIFF files and displayed in Picture | Properties | Info. ThumbsPlus retains the information if the file is written or converted to JPEG format.

UUE, 001: UUencoded graphics

UUE files are graphics that have been encoded for 7-bit transmission using the ‘uuencode’ method. These files are very popular on the Internet, especially in the Usenet Newsgroups. ThumbsPlus supports single and multi-part UUE files; multi-part files must have an extension indicating the part number (i.e., File.001, File.002, File.003). Only the .001 (or .UUE) file needs to be in the file list; the other parts will be automatically referenced when needed during decoding.

There are several loading options for UUE files, which include the capability to decode to a specific directory and to remove the original file. See Options | File Loading • UUdecode.

WAV: Windows sound files

WAV files are the standard Windows sound format. ThumbsPlus can play them when they are double-clicked. You can stop playing by pressing ESC.

The thumbnail generated for WAV files is simply the icon of the application associated with them in File Manager or Explorer.

WPG: Word Perfect Graphics

WPG files are a vector (metafile) format that WordPerfect Corporation developed for use with its word processing products. Like other formats, WPG has evolved over the years.

ThumbsPlus supports both the original WPG (WPG1) and new (WPG2) formats for graphics; some charting and textual items aren't supported in WPG1, and the following are not supported in WPG2:

• Poly B-Splines.
• Complex polygons (components are rendered and filled separately).
• Object group rotation, skew, taper and translation.
• Text items are partially handled.
• Bitmaps are not rotated, skewed or tapered.
• Gradient fills are partially supported.

WMF, MF: Windows Metafile

The Windows Metafile format is the standard Windows format for storing vector and metafile graphics. It is quite powerful, as anything that can be drawn on the screen or printed on a printer can be stored in a metafile. It does, however, lack several rather rudimentary graphics primitives, such as BŽzier curves and non-orthogonal ellipses.

ThumbsPlus can read and write Windows metafiles; vector graphics are also passed to and from the clipboard in this format.

Also, using OLE to load or thumbnail proprietary formats most often uses Windows Metafiles as the format for transfer of the picture of the file.

FIF End-User License

The license below applies to the files DECO_32.DLL and FIF.TXT.

END USER AND ROYALTY FREE DISTRIBUTION LICENSE AGREEMENT - FRACTAL IMAGE DECODER

REDISTRIBUTION PERMITTED ONLY IF PROGRAM AND FILES ARE NOT MODIFIED AND ALL FILES, INCLUDING THIS FILE, ARE INCLUDED.

GRANT: Iterated Systems, Inc. ("Iterated") hereby grants you a limited, nontransferable, terminable, non-exclusive license subject to the following to use its accompanying computer software product known as the Fractal Image Decoder (including the 16-bit, 32-bit and Macintosh versions "Software") for individual use only on a Personal Computer described below. You may place the Software on networks and online systems exclusively for the purpose of allowing downloading and copying of the Software for archival, distribution and installation purposes (but not for purposes of execution by the network or online system) provided any such copy must contain all of the original Software and text files including this License Agreement and any proprietary, license and copyright notices on the original. This License Agreement only applies to the image compression decoder Software described above and does not grant any rights to any other Iterated software, even if related to the Software, including any software that encodes or compresses images in any way.

You may use the Software only on a single user Personal Computer that: (a) has one Intel 386, 486 or Pentium processor, Motorola 68036 or 68040 processor or IBM Power PC processor; (b) operates only the Microsoft DOS and Windows operating system or the Macintosh operating system; (c) contains at least 4 megabytes of random access memory; (d) contains 80 megabytes of internal hard disk storage; (e) contains a keyboard (not an infrared remote) and monitor (not a television set); (f) is able to produce printed output on a local printer; and (g) does not act as a server on any network (including a local area network, wide area network or Internet) or otherwise allow operation of the Software from a remote or separate computer or terminal ("Personal Computer"). For the avoidance of doubt, and without limitation of the foregoing, "Personal Computer" does not include game players, television set-top boxes or so-called "Internet Appliances".

You may not permit other individuals to use, operate or copy the Software (except as permitted above). You may not use or allow the use of the Software on any computer or other device that is not a Personal Computer (as defined above). You may not modify, translate, reverse engineer, decompile, disassemble, (except to the extent applicable laws prohibit such restriction), or create derivative works based on the Software, copy the Software (except as specified above), rent, lease, transfer, license or otherwise transfer rights to the Software, or remove any proprietary notices, licenses, displays, installation procedures or labels on or in the Software, whether set forth in text files or on media.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY: THE SOFTWARE IS LICENSED ON AN AS-IS BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF ANY KIND AND ITERATED DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES AND CONDITIONS, INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. The entire risk as to the quality and performance of the Software is borne by you. Should the Software prove defective, you and not Iterated assume the entire cost of any service and repair. This Disclaimer of Warranty constitutes an essential part of the License Agreement. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW EXCLUSIONS OF AN IMPLIED WARRANTY, SO THIS DISCLAIMER MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU AND YOU MAY HAVE OTHER LEGAL RIGHTS THAT VARY FROM STATE TO STATE OR BY JURISDICTION.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES AND UNDER NO LEGAL THEORY, WHETHER TORT, CONTRACT, OR OTHERWISE, SHALL ITERATED OR ITS SUPPLIERS, LICENSORS OR RESELLERS BE LIABLE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY TYPE INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF GOODWILL, WORK STOPPAGE, COMPUTER FAILURE OR MALFUNCTION, LOSS OF DATA, OR ANY AND ALL OTHER COMMERCIAL DAMAGES OR LOSSES. IN NO EVENT WILL ITERATED BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES IN EXCESS OF ITERATED'S LIST PRICE LICENSEE FEE FOR THE SOFTWARE, IF ANY, EVEN IF ITERATED SHALL HAVE BEEN INFORMED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, OR FOR ANY CLAIM BY ANY OTHER PARTY. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THIS LIMITATION AND EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

TITLE: Title, ownership rights, and intellectual property rights in and to the Software shall remain in Iterated and/or its licensors or suppliers. The Software is protected by copyright laws of the United States and international copyright treaties. You are permitted to use only one copy of the Software, even if you receive multiple copies, whether via download or on magnetic media. Title, ownership rights, and intellectual property rights in and to the content accessed through the Software is the property of the applicable content owner, and may be protected by copyright or other applicable law. This License gives you no rights to such content.

TERMINATION: This License will terminate automatically if you fail to comply with the limitations described above. On termination, you must destroy all copies of the Software and documentation.

MISCELLANEOUS: This Agreement represents the complete agreement concerning this license between the parties and supersedes all prior agreements and representations between the parties. This Agreement may be amended only by a writing executed by both parties. THE

ACCEPTANCE OF ANY PURCHASE ORDER PLACED BY YOU IS EXPRESSLY MADE CONDITIONAL ON YOUR ASSENT TO THE TERMS SET FORTH HEREIN, AND NOT THOSE CONTAINED IN YOUR PURCHASE ORDER. If any provision of this Agreement is held to be unenforceable for any reason, such provision shall be reformed only to the extent necessary to make it enforceable. This Agreement shall be governed by and construed under Georgia substantive law as such applies to agreements between Georgia residents entered into and performed within Georgia, except as governed by United States Federal law. You consent to the jurisdiction of the state and federal courts in the State of Georgia, U.S.A. The application of the United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods is expressly excluded.

U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS: The Software and documentation are provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by or for the U.S. Government is subject to restrictions set forth in DFARS 252.227-7013 (c)(1)(ii), FAR 52.227-19, and Clause 18-52.227-86(d) of NASA Supplement to the FAR, as applicable. Contractor/manufacturer is Iterated Systems, Inc., 3525 Piedmont Road, Seven Piedmont Center, Suite 600, Atlanta, Georgia, U.S.A. 30305-1530.

License statement required by Unisys Corp. for licensing LZW compression

Use of this software is permitted only to the extent reasonably required to determine whether to purchase the software.

After payment is made, use of this software is limited to use on only a single personal computer or workstation which is not used as a server. An additional payment is required for each use on another personal computer or workstation.

Only a single copy may be made of this software solely for backup or archival purposes. The software may also be transferred to a single hard disk.

Any use of this software in violation of the above is not licensed.

For information concerning licensing the LZW compression and/or decompression capability, please contact:

Unisys Corporation
Welch Licensing Department - CISW19
Township Line & Union Meeting Roads
PO Box 500
Blue Bell, PA 19424 USA